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LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 10-Bit, 65/40/25Msps Low Noise 3V ADCs DESCRIPTIO
The LTC(R)2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 are 10-bit 65Msps/ 40Msps/25Msps, low power 3V A/D converters designed for digitizing high frequency, wide dynamic range signals. The LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 are perfect for demanding imaging and communications applications with AC performance that includes 61.6dB SNR and 85dB SFDR for signals well beyond the Nyquist frequency. DC specs include 0.1LSB INL (typ), 0.05LSB DNL (typ) and 0.5LSB INL, 0.5LSB DNL over temperature. The transition noise is a low 0.07LSBRMS. A single 3V supply allows low power operation. A separate output supply allows the outputs to drive 0.5V to 3.3V logic. A single-ended CLK input controls converter operation. An optional clock duty cycle stabilizer allows high performance at full speed for a wide range of clock duty cycles.
, LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
FEATURES

Sample Rate: 65Msps/40Msps/25Msps Single 3V Supply (2.7V to 3.4V) Low Power: 205mW/120mW/75mW 61.6dB SNR at 70MHz Input 85dB SFDR at 70MHz Input No Missing Codes Flexible Input: 1VP-P to 2VP-P Range 575MHz Full Power Bandwidth S/H Clock Duty Cycle Stabilizer Shutdown and Nap Modes Pin Compatible Family: 80Msps: LTC2239 (10-Bit), LTC2229 (12-Bit), LTC2249 (14-Bit) 65Msps: LTC2238 (10-Bit), LTC2228 (12-Bit), LTC2248 (14-Bit) 40Msps: LTC2237 (10-Bit), LTC2227 (12-Bit), LTC2247 (14-Bit) 25Msps: LTC2236 (10-Bit), LTC2226 (12-Bit), LTC2246 (14-Bit) 32-Pin (5mm x 5mm) QFN Package
APPLICATIO S

Wireless and Wired Broadband Communication Imaging Systems Ultrasound Spectral Analysis Portable Instrumentation
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
REFH REFL FLEXIBLE REFERENCE
OVDD
+
ANALOG INPUT INPUT S/H
CORRECTION LOGIC
SNR (dBFS)
-
10-BIT PIPELINED ADC CORE
OUTPUT DRIVERS
D9 * * * D0 OGND
CLOCK/DUTY CYCLE CONTROL
223876 TA01
CLK
U
U
U
LTC2238: SNR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
62.5
61.5
60.5
59.5
58.5
57.5
0
100 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
200
223876 G09
223876f
1
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
ABSOLUTE AXI U RATI GS
PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO
TOP VIEW
OVDD = VDD (Notes 1, 2)
Supply Voltage (VDD) ................................................. 4V Digital Output Ground Voltage (OGND) ....... -0.3V to 1V Analog Input Voltage (Note 3) ..... -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Input Voltage .................... -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Output Voltage ................ -0.3V to (OVDD + 0.3V) Power Dissipation ............................................ 1500mW Operating Temperature Range LTC2238C, LTC2237C, LTC2236C ........... 0C to 70C LTC2238I, LTC2237I, LTC2236I ..........-40C to 85C Storage Temperature Range ..................-65C to 125C
SENSE
MODE
VCM
VDD
D9
D8
D7
ORDER PART NUMBER
24 D6 23 D5 22 D4
OF
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 AIN+ 1 AIN- 2 REFH 3 REFH 4 REFL 5 REFL 6 VDD 7 GND 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 33
21 OVDD 20 OGND 19 D3 18 D2 17 D1
LTC2238CUH LTC2238IUH LTC2237CUH LTC2237IUH LTC2236CUH LTC2236IUH QFN PART* MARKING 2238 2237 2236
SHDN
OE
CLK
NC
NC
NC
UH PACKAGE 32-LEAD (5mm x 5mm) PLASTIC QFN
TJMAX = 125C, JA = 34C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 33) IS GND MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container.
CO VERTER CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER Resolution (No Missing Codes) Integral Linearity Error Differential Linearity Error Offset Error Gain Error Offset Drift Full-Scale Drift Transition Noise Internal Reference External Reference SENSE = 1V Differential Analog Input (Note 5) Differential Analog Input (Note 6) External Reference CONDITIONS

The denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Note 4)
MIN 10 -0.5 -0.5 -12 -2.5 0.1 0.05 2 0.5 10 30 15 0.07 0.5 0.5 12 2.5 LTC2238 TYP MAX MIN 10 -0.5 -0.5 -12 -2.5 0.1 0.05 2 0.5 10 30 15 0.07 0.5 0.5 12 2.5 LTC2237 TYP MAX MIN 10 -0.5 -0.5 -12 -2.5 0.1 0.05 2 0.5 10 30 15 0.07 0.5 0.5 12 2.5 LTC2236 TYP MAX UNITS Bits LSB LSB mV %FS V/C ppm/C ppm/C LSBRMS
NC
D0
223876f
2
U
W
U
U
WW
W
U
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
A ALOG I PUT
SYMBOL VIN VIN,CM IIN ISENSE IMODE tAP tJITTER CMRR PARAMETER
The denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Note 4)
CONDITIONS 2.7V < VDD < 3.4V (Note 7) Differential Input (Note 7) 0V < AIN+, AIN- < VDD 0V < SENSE < 1V

Analog Input Range (AIN+ -AIN-) Analog Input Common Mode Analog Input Leakage Current SENSE Input Leakage MODE Pin Leakage Sample-and-Hold Acquisition Delay Time Sample-and-Hold Acquisition Delay Time Jitter Analog Input Common Mode Rejection Ratio Full Power Bandwidth
DY A IC ACCURACY
SYMBOL SNR PARAMETER Signal-to-Noise Ratio
The denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. AIN = -1dBFS. (Note 4)
CONDITIONS 5MHz Input 12.5MHz Input 20MHz Input 30MHz Input 70MHz Input 140MHz Input

SFDR
Spurious Free Dynamic Range 2nd or 3rd Harmonic
Spurious Free Dynamic Range 4th Harmonic or Higher
S/(N+D)
Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion Ratio
IMD
Intermodulation Distortion
U
WU
U
MIN 1 -1 -3 -3
TYP 1V to 2V 1.5
MAX 1.9 1 3 3
UNITS V V A A A ns psRMS dB MHz
0 0.2 80 Figure 8 Test Circuit 575
MIN
LTC2238 TYP MAX 61.8
MIN
LTC2237 TYP MAX 61.8
MIN 60
LTC2236 TYP MAX 61.8 61.8
UNITS dB dB dB dB
60 60 61.8 61.7 61.6 85
61.8 61.7 61.6 85 69 61.6 61.6 85 85
dB dB dB dB dB dB
5MHz Input 12.5MHz Input 20MHz Input 30MHz Input 70MHz Input 140MHz Input 5MHz Input 12.5MHz Input 20MHz Input 30MHz Input 70MHz Input 140MHz Input 5MHz Input 12.5MHz Input 20MHz Input 30MHz Input 70MHz Input 140MHz Input fIN1 = 28.2MHz, fIN2 = 26.8MHz

69 69 85 85 80 85 75 74 85 85 85 61.8 60 60 61.8 61.7 61.6 80
85 85 80 85 75 85 85 85 61.8 60 61.6 61.6 61.6 80 61.6 61.5 80 85 85 61.8 61.8 85 80 85 85
dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB
223876f
3
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
I TER AL REFERE CE CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER VCM Output Voltage VCM Output Tempco VCM Line Regulation VCM Output Resistance CONDITIONS IOUT = 0
DIGITAL I PUTS A D DIGITAL OUTPUTS
SYMBOL VIH VIL IIN CIN LOGIC OUTPUTS OVDD = 3V COZ ISOURCE ISINK VOH VOL OVDD = 2.5V VOH VOL OVDD = 1.8V VOH VOL High Level Output Voltage Low Level Output Voltage IO = -200A IO = 1.6mA High Level Output Voltage Low Level Output Voltage IO = -200A IO = 1.6mA Hi-Z Output Capacitance Output Source Current Output Sink Current High Level Output Voltage Low Level Output Voltage PARAMETER High Level Input Voltage Low Level Input Voltage Input Current Input Capacitance CONDITIONS VDD = 3V VDD = 3V LOGIC INPUTS (CLK, OE, SHDN)
The denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Note 4)
MIN

4
U
U
U
U
U
(Note 4)
MIN 1.475 TYP 1.500 30 3 4 MAX 1.525 UNITS V ppm/C mV/V
2.7V < VDD < 3.4V -1mA < IOUT < 1mA
TYP
MAX
UNITS V
2 0.8 -10 3 10
V A pF
VIN = 0V to VDD (Note 7)
OE = High (Note 7) VOUT = 0V VOUT = 3V IO = -10A IO = -200A IO = 10A IO = 1.6mA

3 50 50 2.7 2.995 2.99 0.005 0.09 2.49 0.09 1.79 0.09 0.4
pF mA mA V V V V V V V V
223876f
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
POWER REQUIRE E TS
SYMBOL VDD OVDD IVDD PDISS PSHDN PNAP PARAMETER Analog Supply Voltage Output Supply Voltage Supply Current Power Dissipation Shutdown Power Nap Mode Power SHDN = H, OE = H, No CLK SHDN = H, OE = L, No CLK CONDITIONS (Note 9) (Note 9)
The denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Note 8)
MIN

The denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL fs tL PARAMETER CLK Low Time CONDITIONS

TI I G CHARACTERISTICS
Sampling Frequency (Note 9) Duty Cycle Stabilizer Off Duty Cycle Stabilizer On (Note 7) Duty Cycle Stabilizer Off Duty Cycle Stabilizer On (Note 7)
tH
CLK High Time
tAP tD
Sample-and-Hold Aperture Delay CLK to DATA Delay Data Access Time After OE CL = 5pF (Note 7) CL = 5pF (Note 7)

BUS Relinquish Time (Note 7) Pipeline Latency
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: All voltage values are with respect to ground with GND and OGND wired together (unless otherwise noted). Note 3: When these pin voltages are taken below GND or above VDD, they will be clamped by internal diodes. This product can handle input currents of greater than 100mA below GND or above VDD without latchup. Note 4: VDD = 3V, fSAMPLE = 65MHz (LTC2238), 40MHz (LTC2237), or 25MHz (LTC2236), input range = 2VP-P with differential drive, unless otherwise noted.
UW
LTC2238 TYP MAX 3 3 68.3 205 2 15 3.4 3.6 80 240
MIN 2.7 0.5
LTC2237 TYP MAX 3 3 40 120 2 15 3.4 3.6 48 144
MIN 2.7 0.5
LTC2236 TYP MAX 3 3 25 75 2 15 3.4 3.6 30 90
UNITS V V mA mW mW mW
2.7 0.5
UW
MIN 1 7.3 5 7.3 5
LTC2238 TYP MAX 65 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 0 500 500 500 500
MIN 1 11.8 5 11.8 5
LTC2237 TYP MAX 40 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0 500 500 500 500
MIN 1 18.9 5 18.9 5
LTC2236 TYP MAX 25 20 20 20 20 0 500 500 500 500
UNITS MHz ns ns ns ns ns
1.4
2.7 4.3 3.3 6
5.4 10 8.5
1.4
2.7 4.3 3.3 6
5.4 10 8.5
1.4
2.7 4.3 3.3 6
5.4 10 8.5
ns ns ns Cycles
Note 5: Integral nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve. The deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band. Note 6: Offset error is the offset voltage measured from -0.5 LSB when the output code flickers between 00 0000 0000 and 11 1111 1111. Note 7: Guaranteed by design, not subject to test. Note 8: VDD = 3V, fSAMPLE = 65MHz (LTC2238), 40MHz (LTC2237), or 25MHz (LTC2236), input range = 1VP-P with differential drive. Note 9: Recommended operating conditions.
223876f
5
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
LTC2238: Typical INL, 2V Range, 65Msps
1.00 0.75 0.50
DNL ERROR (LSB) INL ERROR (LSB)
0.25 0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 0 256 512 CODE
223876 G01
0.25 0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00
AMPLITUDE (dB)
768
LTC2238: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 30MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
0 -10 -20 -30 0 -10 -20 -30
AMPLITUDE (dB)
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-50 -60 -70 -80 -90
-50 -60 -70 -80 -90
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-40
-100 -110 -120 0 5 20 15 10 25 FREQUENCY (MHz) 30
223876 G04
LTC2238: 8192 Point 2-Tone FFT, fIN = 28.2MHz and 26.8MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
0 -10 -20 -30
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-40 -60 -70 -80 -90
COUNT
-50
SNR (dBFS)
-100 -110 -120 0 5 20 15 10 25 FREQUENCY (MHz) 30
223876 G07
6
UW
LTC2238: Typical DNL, 2V Range, 65Msps
1.00 0.75 0.50
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120
LTC2238: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 5MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
1024
0
256
512 CODE
768
1024
223876 G02
0
5
20 15 10 25 FREQUENCY (MHz)
30
223876 G03
LTC2238: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 70MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 0 5 20 15 10 25 FREQUENCY (MHz) 30
223876 G05
LTC2238: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 140MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
-40
-100 -110 -120
0
5
20 15 10 25 FREQUENCY (MHz)
30
223876 G06
LTC2238: Grounded Input Histogram, 65Msps
70000 60000 65520
LTC2238: SNR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
62.5
61.5
50000 40000 30000 20000
60.5
59.5
58.5
10000 0 0 511 512 CODE 0 513
223876 G08
57.5
0
100 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
200
223876 G09
223876f
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
LTC2238: SFDR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 65Msps
100 95
90 100 SFDR
SNR AND SFDR (dBFS)
SNR (dBc AND dBFS)
90
SFDR (dBFS)
85 80 75 70 65 0 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 200
223876 G10
LTC2238: SFDR vs Input Level, fIN = 30MHz, 2V Range, 65Msps
120 110 100
SFDR (dBc AND dBFS)
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -60 dBc
dBFS
IVDD (mA)
2V RANGE 65 1V RANGE 60 55 50
IOVDD (mA)
80dBc SFDR REFERENCE LINE
-50
-40 -30 -20 INPUT LEVEL (dBFS)
LTC2237: Typical INL, 2V Range, 40Msps
1.00 0.75 0.50
DNL ERROR (LSB)
INL ERROR (LSB)
0.25 0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 0 256 512 CODE
223876 G16
0.25 0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75
AMPLITUDE (dB)
768
UW
-10
223876 G13
LTC2238: SNR and SFDR vs Sample Rate, 2V Range, fIN = 5MHz, -1dB
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
223876 G11
LTC2238: SNR vs Input Level, fIN = 30MHz, 2V Range, 65Msps
dBFS
80
dBc
70 SNR 60
0 -60
-50
-40 -20 -30 INPUT LEVEL (dBFS)
-10
0
223876 G12
LTC2238: IVDD vs Sample Rate, 5MHz Sine Wave Input, -1dB
80 75 70 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 SAMPLE RATE (Msps) 70 80
LTC2238: IOVDD vs Sample Rate, 5MHz Sine Wave Input, -1dB, OVDD = 1.8V
0
0
10
20 30 40 50 60 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
70
80
223876 G14
223876 G15
LTC2237: Typical DNL, 2V Range, 40Msps
1.00 0.75 0.50 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 0 256 512 CODE
223876 G17
LTC2237: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 5MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
1024
-1.00
768
1024
-120
0
5
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
15
20
223876 G18
223876f
7
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
LTC2237: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 30MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
0 -10 -20
AMPLITUDE (dB)
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 0 5 10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
223876 G19
-50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-30 -40
15
LTC2237: 8192 Point 2-Tone FFT, fIN = 21.6MHz and 23.6MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
0 -10 -20
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-30 -40 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120
SNR (dBFS)
COUNT
-50
0
5
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
15
LTC2237: SFDR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
100 95
90 100
SNR (dBc AND dBFS)
90
SFDR (dBFS)
SNR AND SFDR (dBFS)
85 80 75 70 65 0 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 200
223876 G25
8
UW
223876 G22
LTC2237: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 70MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
0 -10 -20 -30 -40
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120
LTC2237: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 140MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
20
0
5
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
15
20
223876 G20
0
5
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
15
20
223876 G21
LTC2237: Grounded Input Histogram, 40Msps
70000 60000 61.5 50000 40000 30000 20000 58.5 10000 0 0 510 511 CODE 0 512
223876 G23
LTC2237: SNR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 40Msps
62.5
65520
60.5
59.5
20
57.5
0
100 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
200
223876 G24
LTC2237: SNR and SFDR vs Sample Rate, 2V Range, fIN = 5MHz, -1dB
80 SFDR 70
LTC2237: SNR vs Input Level, fIN = 5MHz, 2V Range, 40Msps
dBFS 60 50 40 30 20 10 dBc
80
70 SNR 60
50
0
10
20 30 40 50 60 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
70
80
0 -60
-50
-20 -40 -30 INPUT LEVEL (dBFS)
-10
0
223876 G26
223876 G27
223876f
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
LTC2237: SFDR vs Input Level, fIN = 5MHz, 2V Range, 40Msps
120 110 100 SFDR (dBc AND dBFS) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -60
dBFS dBc 80dBc SFDR REFERENCE LINE IOVDD (mA) IVDD (mA)
-50
-20 -40 -30 INPUT LEVEL (dBFS)
LTC2236: Typical INL, 2V Range, 25Msps
1.00 0.75 0.50
DNL ERROR (LSB)
INL ERROR (LSB)
0.25 0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 0 256 512 CODE
223876 G31
0.25 0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00
AMPLITUDE (dB)
768
LTC2236: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 30MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
0 -10 -20 -30
AMPLITUDE (dB)
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-50 -60 -70 -80 -90
-50 -60 -70 -80 -90
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-40
-100 -110 -120 0 2 8 6 4 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 12
223876 G34
UW
-10
LTC2237: IVDD vs Sample Rate, 5MHz Sine Wave Input, -1dB
50
4
LTC2237: IOVDD vs Sample Rate, 5MHz Sine Wave Input, -1dB, OVDD = 1.8V
45 2V RANGE 40 1V RANGE 35
3
2
1
30
0
0
10
30 40 20 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
50
223876 G29
0
0
10
30 40 20 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
50
223876 G30
223876 G28
LTC2236: Typical DNL, 2V Range, 25Msps
1.00 0.75 0.50
LTC2236: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 5MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120
1024
0
256
512 CODE
768
1024
223876 G32
0
2
8 6 4 10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
12
223876 G33
LTC2236: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 70MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 0 2 8 6 4 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 12
223876 G35
LTC2236: 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 140MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
-100 -110 -120
0
2
8 6 4 10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
12
223876 G36
223876f
9
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
LTC2236: 8192 Point 2-Tone FFT, fIN = 10.9MHz and 13.8MHz, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
0 -10 -20 -30
AMPLITUDE (dB)
-40 -60 -70 -80 -90
SNR (dBFS)
COUNT
-50
-100 -110 -120 0 2 8 6 4 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 12
223876 G37
LTC2236: SFDR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
100 95
SNR (dBc AND dBFS)
90
SNR AND SFDR (dBFS)
SFDR (dBFS)
85 80 75 70 65 0 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 200
223876 G40
LTC2236: SFDR vs Input Level, fIN = 5MHz, 2V Range, 25Msps
120 110 100 SFDR (dBc AND dBFS) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -60 15 -50 -40 -30 -20 INPUT LEVEL (dBFS) -10 0 dBc 80dBc SFDR REFERENCE LINE dBFS 30 35
25 1V RANGE 20
IOVDD (mA)
IVDD (mA)
10
UW
223876 G43
LTC2236: Grounded Input Histogram, 25Msps
70000 60000 61.5 50000 40000 30000 20000 58.5 10000 0 0 511 512 CODE 0 513
223876 G38
LTC2236: SNR vs Input Frequency, -1dB, 2V Range, 25Msps
62.5
65520
60.5
59.5
57.5
0
100 50 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz)
200
223876 G39
LTC2236: SNR and SFDR vs Sample Rate, 2V Range, fIN = 5MHz, -1dB
100 SFDR 90
LTC2236: SNR vs Input Level, fIN = 5MHz, 2V Range, 25Msps
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 dBc dBFS
80
70 SNR 60
50
0
5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
223876 G41
0 -60
-50
-40 -20 -30 INPUT LEVEL (dBFS)
-10
0
223876 G42
LTC2236: IVDD vs Sample Rate, 5MHz Sine Wave Input, -1dB
3
LTC2236: IOVDD vs Sample Rate, 5MHz Sine Wave Input, -1dB, OVDD = 1.8V
2V RANGE
2
1
0
5
25 10 15 20 SAMPLE RATE (Msps)
30
35
0 0 5 25 10 15 20 SAMPLE RATE (Msps) 30 35
223876 G44
223876 G45
223876f
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
PI FU CTIO S
AIN+ (Pin 1): Positive Differential Analog Input. AIN- (Pin 2): Negative Differential Analog Input. REFH (Pins 3, 4): ADC High Reference. Short together and bypass to pins 5, 6 with a 0.1F ceramic chip capacitor as close to the pin as possible. Also bypass to pins 5, 6 with an additional 2.2F ceramic chip capacitor and to ground with a 1F ceramic chip capacitor. REFL (Pins 5, 6): ADC Low Reference. Short together and bypass to pins 3, 4 with a 0.1F ceramic chip capacitor as close to the pin as possible. Also bypass to pins 3, 4 with an additional 2.2F ceramic chip capacitor and to ground with a 1F ceramic chip capacitor. VDD (Pins 7, 32): 3V Supply. Bypass to GND with 0.1F ceramic chip capacitors. GND (Pin 8): ADC Power Ground. CLK (Pin 9): Clock Input. The input sample starts on the positive edge. SHDN (Pin 10): Shutdown Mode Selection Pin. Connecting SHDN to GND and OE to GND results in normal operation with the outputs enabled. Connecting SHDN to GND and OE to VDD results in normal operation with the outputs at high impedance. Connecting SHDN to VDD and OE to GND results in nap mode with the outputs at high impedance. Connecting SHDN to VDD and OE to VDD results in sleep mode with the outputs at high impedance. OE (Pin 11): Output Enable Pin. Refer to SHDN pin function. NC (Pins 12, 13, 14, 15): Do Not Connect These Pins. D0-D9 (Pins 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27): Digital Outputs. D9 is the MSB. OGND (Pin 20): Output Driver Ground. OVDD (Pin 21): Positive Supply for the Output Drivers. Bypass to ground with 0.1F ceramic chip capacitor. OF (Pin 28): Over/Under Flow Output. High when an over or under flow has occurred. MODE (Pin 29): Output Format and Clock Duty Cycle Stabilizer Selection Pin. Connecting MODE to GND selects straight binary output format and turns the clock duty cycle stabilizer off. 1/3 VDD selects straight binary output format and turns the clock duty cycle stabilizer on. 2/3 VDD selects 2's complement output format and turns the clock duty cycle stabilizer on. VDD selects 2's complement output format and turns the clock duty cycle stabilizer off. SENSE (Pin 30): Reference Programming Pin. Connecting SENSE to VCM selects the internal reference and a 0.5V input range. VDD selects the internal reference and a 1V input range. An external reference greater than 0.5V and less than 1V applied to SENSE selects an input range of VSENSE. 1V is the largest valid input range. VCM (Pin 31): 1.5V Output and Input Common Mode Bias. Bypass to ground with 2.2F ceramic chip capacitor. GND (Exposed Pad) (Pin 33): ADC Power Ground. The exposed pad on the bottom of the package needs to be soldered to ground.
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LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRA
AIN+ INPUT S/H FIRST PIPELINED ADC STAGE SECOND PIPELINED ADC STAGE THIRD PIPELINED ADC STAGE FOURTH PIPELINED ADC STAGE FIFTH PIPELINED ADC STAGE SIXTH PIPELINED ADC STAGE AIN-
VCM 2.2F
1.5V REFERENCE
RANGE SELECT
REFH SENSE REF BUF
DIFF REF AMP
REFH
1F
Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram
TI I G DIAGRA
ANALOG INPUT
tAP N tH tL CLK tD D0-D9, OF N-6 N-5 N-4 N-3 N-2 N-1
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N+1
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SHIFT REGISTER AND CORRECTION REFL INTERNAL CLOCK SIGNALS OVDD OF CLOCK/DUTY CYCLE CONTROL D9 CONTROL LOGIC OUTPUT DRIVERS * * * D0 0.1F REFL CLK 2.2F 1F MODE SHDN OE
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OGND
N+2 N+3
N+4 N+5
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LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion Ratio The signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio [S/(N + D)] is the ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency and the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components at the ADC output. The output is band limited to frequencies above DC to below half the sampling frequency. Signal-to-Noise Ratio The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency and the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components except the first five harmonics and DC. Total Harmonic Distortion Total harmonic distortion is the ratio of the RMS sum of all harmonics of the input signal to the fundamental itself. The out-of-band harmonics alias into the frequency band between DC and half the sampling frequency. THD is expressed as: THD = 20Log (V22 + V32 + V42 + . . . Vn2)/V1 where V1 is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental frequency and V2 through Vn are the amplitudes of the second through nth harmonics. The THD calculated in this data sheet uses all the harmonics up to the fifth. Intermodulation Distortion If the ADC input signal consists of more than one spectral component, the ADC transfer function nonlinearity can produce intermodulation distortion (IMD) in addition to THD. IMD is the change in one sinusoidal input caused by the presence of another sinusoidal input at a different frequency. If two pure sine waves of frequencies fa and fb are applied to the ADC input, nonlinearities in the ADC transfer function can create distortion products at the sum and difference frequencies of mfa nfb, where m and n = 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. The 3rd order intermodulation products are 2fa + fb, 2fb + fa, 2fa - fb and 2fb - fa. The intermodulation distortion is defined as the ratio of the RMS value of either Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) Spurious free dynamic range is the peak harmonic or spurious noise that is the largest spectral component excluding the input signal and DC. This value is expressed in decibels relative to the RMS value of a full scale input signal. Input Bandwidth The input bandwidth is that input frequency at which the amplitude of the reconstructed fundamental is reduced by 3dB for a full scale input signal. Aperture Delay Time The time from when CLK reaches mid-supply to the instant that the input signal is held by the sample and hold circuit. Aperture Delay Jitter The variation in the aperture delay time from conversion to conversion. This random variation will result in noise when sampling an AC input. The signal to noise ratio due to the jitter alone will be: SNRJITTER = -20log (2) * fIN * tJITTER CONVERTER OPERATION As shown in Figure 1, the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 is a CMOS pipelined multistep converter. The converter has six pipelined ADC stages; a sampled analog input will result in a digitized value six cycles later (see the Timing Diagram section). For optimal AC performance the analog inputs should be driven differentially. For cost sensitive applications, the analog inputs can be driven single-ended with slightly worse harmonic distortion. The CLK input is single-ended. The LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 has two phases of operation, determined by the state of the CLK input pin. Each pipelined stage shown in Figure 1 contains an ADC, a reconstruction DAC and an interstage residue amplifier. In operation, the ADC quantizes the input to the stage and the quantized value is subtracted from the input by the
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input tone to the RMS value of the largest 3rd order intermodulation product.
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LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
DAC to produce a residue. The residue is amplified and output by the residue amplifier. Successive stages operate out of phase so that when the odd stages are outputting their residue, the even stages are acquiring that residue and vice versa. When CLK is low, the analog input is sampled differentially directly onto the input sample-and-hold capacitors, inside the "Input S/H" shown in the block diagram. At the instant that CLK transitions from low to high, the sampled input is held. While CLK is high, the held input voltage is buffered by the S/H amplifier which drives the first pipelined ADC stage. The first stage acquires the output of the S/H during this high phase of CLK. When CLK goes back low, the first stage produces its residue which is acquired by the second stage. At the same time, the input S/H goes back to acquiring the analog input. When CLK goes back high, the second stage produces its residue which is acquired by the third stage. An identical process is repeated for the third, fourth and fifth stages, resulting in a fifth stage residue that is sent to the sixth stage ADC for final evaluation. Each ADC stage following the first has additional range to accommodate flash and amplifier offset errors. Results from all of the ADC stages are digitally synchronized such that the results can be properly combined in the correction logic before being sent to the output buffer. SAMPLE/HOLD OPERATION AND INPUT DRIVE Sample/Hold Operation Figure 2 shows an equivalent circuit for the LTC2238/ LTC2237/LTC2236 CMOS differential sample-and-hold. The analog inputs are connected to the sampling capacitors (CSAMPLE) through NMOS transistors. The capacitors shown attached to each input (CPARASITIC) are the summation of all other capacitance associated with each input. During the sample phase when CLK is low, the transistors connect the analog inputs to the sampling capacitors and they charge to and track the differential input voltage. When CLK transitions from low to high, the sampled input voltage is held on the sampling capacitors. During the hold phase when CLK is high, the sampling capacitors are
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disconnected from the input and the held voltage is passed to the ADC core for processing. As CLK transitions from high to low, the inputs are reconnected to the sampling capacitors to acquire a new sample. Since the sampling capacitors still hold the previous sample, a charging glitch proportional to the change in voltage between samples will be seen at this time. If the change between the last sample and the new sample is small, the charging glitch seen at the input will be small. If the input change is large, such as the change seen with input frequencies near Nyquist, then a larger charging glitch will be seen.
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 VDD 15 AIN+ VDD 15 CPARASITIC 1pF VDD CLK CPARASITIC 1pF CSAMPLE 4pF CSAMPLE 4pF AIN-
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Figure 2. Equivalent Input Circuit
Single-Ended Input For cost sensitive applications, the analog inputs can be driven single-ended. With a single-ended input the harmonic distortion and INL will degrade, but the SNR and DNL will remain unchanged. For a single-ended input, AIN+ should be driven with the input signal and AIN- should be connected to 1.5V or VCM. Common Mode Bias For optimal performance the analog inputs should be driven differentially. Each input should swing 0.5V for the 2V range or 0.25V for the 1V range, around a common mode voltage of 1.5V. The VCM output pin (Pin 31) may be used to provide the common mode bias level. VCM can be tied directly to the center tap of a transformer to set the DC input level or as a reference level to an op amp differential driver circuit. The VCM pin must be bypassed to ground close to the ADC with a 2.2F or greater capacitor.
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Input Drive Impedance As with all high performance, high speed ADCs, the dynamic performance of the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 can be influenced by the input drive circuitry, particularly the second and third harmonics. Source impedance and reactance can influence SFDR. At the falling edge of CLK, the sample-and-hold circuit will connect the 4pF sampling capacitor to the input pin and start the sampling period. The sampling period ends when CLK rises, holding the sampled input on the sampling capacitor. Ideally the input circuitry should be fast enough to fully charge the sampling capacitor during the sampling period 1/(2FENCODE); however, this is not always possible and the incomplete settling may degrade the SFDR. The sampling glitch has been designed to be as linear as possible to minimize the effects of incomplete settling. For the best performance, it is recommended to have a source impedance of 100 or less for each input. The source impedance should be matched for the differential inputs. Poor matching will result in higher even order harmonics, especially the second. Input Drive Circuits Figure 3 shows the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 being driven by an RF transformer with a center tapped secondary. The secondary center tap is DC biased with VCM, setting the ADC input signal at its optimum DC level. Terminating on the transformer secondary is desirable, as this provides a common mode path for charging glitches caused by the sample and hold. Figure 3 shows a 1:1 turns ratio transformer. Other turns ratios can be used if the source impedance seen by the ADC does not exceed 100 for each ADC input. A disadvantage of using a transformer is the loss of low frequency response. Most small RF transformers have poor performance at frequencies below 1MHz. Figure 4 demonstrates the use of a differential amplifier to convert a single ended input signal into a differential input signal. The advantage of this method is that it provides low frequency input response; however, the limited gain bandwidth of most op amps will limit the SFDR at high input frequencies.
ANALOG INPUT
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Figure 5 shows a single-ended input circuit. The impedance seen by the analog inputs should be matched. This circuit is not recommended if low distortion is required. The 25 resistors and 12pF capacitor on the analog inputs serve two purposes: isolating the drive circuitry from the sample-and-hold charging glitches and limiting the wideband noise at the converter input.
VCM 2.2F 0.1F ANALOG INPUT T1 1:1 25 25 T1 = MA/COM ETC1-1T 25 RESISTORS, CAPACITORS ARE 0402 PACKAGE SIZE 25 0.1F 12pF AIN-
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AIN+
LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
Figure 3. Single-Ended to Differential Conversion Using a Transformer
VCM HIGH SPEED DIFFERENTIAL 25 AMPLIFIER 2.2F AIN+ LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
+
CM
+
12pF
-
-
25
AIN-
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Figure 4. Differential Drive with an Amplifier
VCM 10k 0.1F ANALOG INPUT 10k 25 2.2F AIN+ LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
12pF 25 0.1F AIN-
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Figure 5. Single-Ended Drive
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
For input frequencies above 70MHz, the input circuits of Figure 6, 7 and 8 are recommended. The balun transformer gives better high frequency response than a flux coupled center tapped transformer. The coupling capacitors allow the analog inputs to be DC biased at 1.5V. In Figure 8, the series inductors are impedance matching elements that maximize the ADC bandwidth.
VCM 2.2F 0.1F ANALOG INPUT 25 T1 0.1F 25 12 12 0.1F 8pF AIN-
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AIN+
LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
T1 = MA/COM, ETC 1-1-13 RESISTORS, CAPACITORS ARE 0402 PACKAGE SIZE
Figure 6. Recommended Front End Circuit for Input Frequencies Between 70MHz and 170MHz
VCM 2.2F 0.1F ANALOG INPUT 25 T1 0.1F 25 T1 = MA/COM, ETC 1-1-13 RESISTORS, CAPACITORS ARE 0402 PACKAGE SIZE AIN-
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AIN+ 0.1F
LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
Figure 7. Recommended Front End Circuit for Input Frequencies Between 170MHz and 300MHz
VCM 2.2F 0.1F ANALOG INPUT 25 T1 0.1F 25 6.8nH AIN-
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6.8nH 0.1F
AIN+
LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
T1 = MA/COM, ETC 1-1-13 RESISTORS, CAPACITORS, INDUCTORS ARE 0402 PACKAGE SIZE
Figure 8. Recommended Front End Circuit for Input Frequencies Above 300MHz
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Reference Operation Figure 9 shows the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 reference circuitry consisting of a 1.5V bandgap reference, a difference amplifier and switching and control circuit. The internal voltage reference can be configured for two pin selectable input ranges of 2V (1V differential) or 1V (0.5V differential). Tying the SENSE pin to VDD selects the 2V range; tying the SENSE pin to VCM selects the 1V range. The 1.5V bandgap reference serves two functions: its output provides a DC bias point for setting the common mode voltage of any external input circuitry; additionally, the reference is used with a difference amplifier to generate the differential reference levels needed by the internal ADC circuitry. An external bypass capacitor is required for the 1.5V reference output, VCM. This provides a high frequency low impedance path to ground for internal and external circuitry. The difference amplifier generates the high and low reference for the ADC. High speed switching circuits are connected to these outputs and they must be externally bypassed. Each output has two pins. The multiple output pins are needed to reduce package inductance. Bypass capacitors must be connected as shown in Figure 9.
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 1.5V VCM 2.2F 1V RANGE DETECT AND CONTROL SENSE BUFFER INTERNAL ADC HIGH REFERENCE 0.5V 4 1.5V BANDGAP REFERENCE TIE TO VDD FOR 2V RANGE; TIE TO VCM FOR 1V RANGE; RANGE = 2 * VSENSE FOR 0.5V < VSENSE < 1V 1F REFH 2.2F 0.1F DIFF AMP 1F REFL INTERNAL ADC LOW REFERENCE
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Figure 9. Equivalent Reference Circuit
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Other voltage ranges in-between the pin selectable ranges can be programmed with two external resistors as shown in Figure 10. An external reference can be used by applying its output directly or through a resistor divider to SENSE. It is not recommended to drive the SENSE pin with a logic device. The SENSE pin should be tied to the appropriate level as close to the converter as possible. If the SENSE pin is driven externally, it should be bypassed to ground as close to the device as possible with a 1F ceramic capacitor.
1.5V VCM 2.2F 12k 0.75V 12k SENSE 1F LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236
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Figure 10. 1.5V Range ADC
Input Range The input range can be set based on the application. The 2V input range will provide the best signal-to-noise performance while maintaining excellent SFDR. The 1V input range will have better SFDR performance, but the SNR will degrade by 0.6dB. See the Typical Performance Characteristics section. Driving the Clock Input The CLK input can be driven directly with a CMOS or TTL level signal. A sinusoidal clock can also be used along with a low-jitter squaring circuit before the CLK pin (see Figure 11). The noise performance of the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 can depend on the clock signal quality as much as on the analog input. Any noise present on the clock signal will result in additional aperture jitter that will be RMS summed with the inherent ADC aperture jitter. In applications where jitter is critical, such as when digitizing high input frequencies, use as large an amplitude as possible. Also, if the ADC is clocked with a sinusoidal signal, filter the CLK signal to reduce wideband noise and distortion products generated by the source.
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4.7F FERRITE BEAD 0.1F SINUSOIDAL CLOCK INPUT 0.1F 1k CLK 50 1k NC7SVU04 LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236 CLEAN SUPPLY
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Figure 11. Sinusoidal Single-Ended CLK Drive
Maximum and Minimum Conversion Rates The maximum conversion rate for the LTC2238/LTC2237/ LTC2236 is 65Msps (LTC2238), 40Msps (LTC2237), and 25Msps (LTC2236). For the ADC to operate properly, the CLK signal should have a 50% (5%) duty cycle. Each half cycle must have at least 7.3ns (LTC2238), 11.8ns (LTC2237), and 18.9ns (LTC2236) for the ADC internal circuitry to have enough settling time for proper operation. An optional clock duty cycle stabilizer circuit can be used if the input clock has a non 50% duty cycle. This circuit uses the rising edge of the CLK pin to sample the analog input. The falling edge of CLK is ignored and the internal falling edge is generated by a phase-locked loop. The input clock duty cycle can vary from 40% to 60% and the clock duty cycle stabilizer will maintain a constant 50% internal duty cycle. If the clock is turned off for a long period of time, the duty cycle stabilizer circuit will require a hundred clock cycles for the PLL to lock onto the input clock. To use the clock duty cycle stabilizer, the MODE pin should be connected to 1/3VDD or 2/3VDD using external resistors. The lower limit of the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 sample rate is determined by droop of the sample-and-hold circuits. The pipelined architecture of this ADC relies on storing analog signals on small valued capacitors. Junction leakage will discharge the capacitors. The specified minimum operating frequency for the LTC2238/LTC2237/ LTC2236 is 1Msps.
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
DIGITAL OUTPUTS Digital Output Buffers
Figure 12 shows an equivalent circuit for a single output buffer. Each buffer is powered by OVDD and OGND, isolated from the ADC power and ground. The additional N-channel transistor in the output driver allows operation down to low voltages. The internal resistor in series with the output makes the output appear as 50 to external circuitry and may eliminate the need for external damping resistors. As with all high speed/high resolution converters, the digital output loading can affect the performance. The digital outputs of the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 should drive a minimal capacitive load to avoid possible interaction between the digital outputs and sensitive input circuitry. The output should be buffered with a device such as an ALVCH16373 CMOS latch. For full speed operation the capacitive load should be kept under 10pF. Lower OVDD voltages will also help reduce interference from the digital outputs.
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 VDD VDD OVDD 0.5V TO VDD 0.1F OVDD DATA FROM LATCH OE OGND PREDRIVER LOGIC 43 TYPICAL DATA OUTPUT
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Figure 12. Digital Output Buffer
Data Format Using the MODE pin, the LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 parallel digital output can be selected for offset binary or 2's complement format. Connecting MODE to GND or 1/3VDD selects straight binary output format. Connecting MODE to 2/3VDD or VDD selects 2's complement output format. An external resistor divider can be used to set the 1/3VDD or 2/3VDD logic values. Table 1 shows the logic states for the MODE pin.
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Table 1. MODE Pin Function
MODE Pin 0 1/3VDD 2/3VDD VDD Output Format Straight Binary Straight Binary 2's Complement 2's Complement Clock Duty Cycle Stablizer Off On On Off
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Overflow Bit When OF outputs a logic high the converter is either overranged or underranged. Output Driver Power Separate output power and ground pins allow the output drivers to be isolated from the analog circuitry. The power supply for the digital output buffers, OVDD, should be tied to the same power supply as for the logic being driven. For example if the converter is driving a DSP powered by a 1.8V supply, then OVDD should be tied to that same 1.8V supply. OVDD can be powered with any voltage from 500mV up to the VDD of the part. OGND can be powered with any voltage from GND up to 1V and must be less than OVDD. The logic outputs will swing between OGND and OVDD. Output Enable The outputs may be disabled with the output enable pin, OE. OE high disables all data outputs including OF. The data access and bus relinquish times are too slow to allow the outputs to be enabled and disabled during full speed operation. The output Hi-Z state is intended for use during long periods of inactivity. Sleep and Nap Modes The converter may be placed in shutdown or nap modes to conserve power. Connecting SHDN to GND results in normal operation. Connecting SHDN to VDD and OE to VDD results in sleep mode, which powers down all circuitry including the reference and typically dissipates 1mW. When exiting sleep mode it will take milliseconds for the output data to become valid because the reference capacitors have to recharge and stabilize. Connecting SHDN to VDD and OE to GND results in nap mode, which typically dissipates 15mW. In nap mode, the on-chip reference circuit is kept
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
on, so that recovery from nap mode is faster than that from sleep mode, typically taking 100 clock cycles. In both sleep and nap modes, all digital outputs are disabled and enter the Hi-Z state. Grounding and Bypassing The LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 requires a printed circuit board with a clean, unbroken ground plane. A multilayer board with an internal ground plane is recommended. Layout for the printed circuit board should ensure that digital and analog signal lines are separated as much as possible. In particular, care should be taken not to run any digital track alongside an analog signal track or underneath the ADC. High quality ceramic bypass capacitors should be used at the VDD, OVDD, VCM, REFH, and REFL pins. Bypass capacitors must be located as close to the pins as possible. Of particular importance is the 0.1F capacitor between REFH and REFL. This capacitor should be placed as close
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to the device as possible (1.5mm or less). A size 0402 ceramic capacitor is recommended. The large 2.2F capacitor between REFH and REFL can be somewhat further away. The traces connecting the pins and bypass capacitors must be kept short and should be made as wide as possible. The LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236 differential inputs should run parallel and close to each other. The input traces should be as short as possible to minimize capacitance and to minimize noise pickup. Heat Transfer Most of the heat generated by the LTC2238/LTC2237/ LTC2236 is transferred from the die through the bottomside exposed pad and package leads onto the printed circuit board. For good electrical and thermal performance, the exposed pad should be soldered to a large grounded pad on the PC board. It is critical that all ground pins are connected to a ground plane of sufficient area.
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25 48 C4 0.1F 1 VCC RN1D 33 RN1C 33 RN1B 33 RN1A 33 RN2D 33 RN2C 33 RN2B 33 RN2A 33 RN3D 33 RN3C 33 RN3B 33 RN3A 33 RN4D 33 RN4C 33 RN4B 33 RN4A 33 C17 0.1F VCC R11 10k 8 7 NC7SV86P5X 2 4 6 8 C20 0.1F C26 10F 6.3V VCC LT1763 R17 105k R18 100k VDD VDD E3 GND C27 0.01F C28 1F E2 VDD 3V 6 C18 0.1F 5 R12 10k R13 10k 7 1 2 3 REFH REFH REFL D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 32 VDD D13 OF OVDD OGND GND 33 20 VCC C16 0.1F 21 28 VCM SENSE MODE C14 0.1F VCM 31 C15 2.2F 30 29 27 26 25 24 23 22 19 18 17 REFL VDD GND CLK SHDN OE 16 D3 15 D2 C7 2.2F C8 0.1F 5 6 C9 1F VDD C11 0.1F 8 9 10 VDD VDD 11 GND JP2 OE GND VDD JP1 SHDN VDD 7 4 AIN- D1 14 AIN+ D0 13 12 R6 24.9 24 OE2 GND 4 LTC2238 LTC2237 LTC2236 LE1 GND 10 LE2 VCC 18 VCC GND R5 1k
*3
R4 24.9
C2 12pF 42 15 GND GND
C3 0.1F VCM
3201S-40G1 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
VDD
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
J3 CLOCK INPUT
C12 0.1F
NC7SVU04
R8 49.9 C13 0.1F VDD
R9 1k
OE1 47 I0 46 I1 44 I2 43 I3 41 I4 40 I5 38 I6 37 I7 36 I8 35 I9 33 I10 32 I11 30 I12 29 I13 27 I14 26 I15 2 O0 3 O1 5 O2 6 O3 8 O4 9 O5 11 O6 12 O7 13 O8 14 O9 16 O10 17 O11 19 O12 20 O13 22 O14 23 O15
NC7SVU04 R10 33
JP3 SENSE JP4 MODE VDD 1 R14 1k 3 5 7 GND 1/3VDD 2/3VDD R15 1k C19 0.1F R16 1k VDD
39 39 37 37 35 35 33 33 31 31 29 29 27 27 25 25 23 23 21 21 19 19 17 17 15 15 13 13 11 11 9 9 7 7 5 5 3 3 1 1
VDD
1
VDD
2
VCM
3
VCM
4
24LC025 1 VCC A0 2 WP A1 3 A2 SCL 4 A3 SDA 1 8 IN OUT 2 7 ADJ GND 3 6 GND GND 4 5 BYP SHDN
E1 EXT REF
EXT REF 5 6
VCC
C21 0.1F
C22 0.1F
C23 0.1F
C24 0.1F
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C25 4.7F E4 PWR GND
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R7 1k
C10 0.1F
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L1 BEAD
C5 4.7F 6.3V C6 1F
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VCC VCC R2 24.9 74VCX16373MTD 34 45 39 21 GND VCC 31 GND GND 28 R3 24.9 T1 ETC1-1T 5 1 2
J1 ANALOG INPUT
R1 OPT
C1 0.1F
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APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Silkscreen Top
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Topside Inner Layer 2 GND
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21
LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
Inner Layer 3 Power
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Bottomside Silkscreen Bottom
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LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO
5.50 0.05 4.10 0.05 3.45 0.05 (4 SIDES)
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT 5.00 0.10 (4 SIDES) PIN 1 TOP MARK (NOTE 6) 0.75 0.05 0.00 - 0.05
NOTE: 1. DRAWING PROPOSED TO BE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-220 VARIATION WHHD-(X) (TO BE APPROVED) 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.20mm ON ANY SIDE 5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
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UH Package 32-Lead Plastic QFN (5mm x 5mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1693)
0.70 0.05 PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC BOTTOM VIEW--EXPOSED PAD R = 0.115 TYP 31 32 0.40 0.10 1 2 0.23 TYP (4 SIDES) 3.45 0.10 (4-SIDES)
(UH) QFN 0603
0.200 REF
0.25 0.05 0.50 BSC
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LTC2238/LTC2237/LTC2236
RELATED PARTS
PART NUMBER LTC1741 LTC1742 LTC1743 LTC1744 LTC1745 LTC1746 LTC1747 LTC1748 LTC1749 LTC1750 LTC2220 LTC2221 LTC2222 LTC2223 LTC2224 LTC2225 LTC2226 LTC2227 LTC2228 LTC2229 LTC2230 LTC2231 LTC2232 LTC2233 LTC2234 LTC2239 LTC2245 LTC2246 LTC2247 LTC2248 LTC2249 LT5512 LT5514 LT5515 LT5516 LT5517 LT5522 DESCRIPTION 12-Bit, 65Msps ADC 14-Bit, 65Msps ADC 12-Bit, 50Msps ADC 14-Bit, 50Msps ADC 12-Bit, 25Msps ADC 14-Bit, 25Msps ADC 12-Bit, 80Msps ADC 14-Bit, 80Msps ADC 12-Bit, 80Msps Wideband ADC 14-Bit, 80Msps Wideband ADC 12-Bit, 170Msps ADC 12-Bit, 135Msps ADC 12-Bit, 105Msps ADC 12-Bit, 80Msps ADC 12-Bit, 135Msps ADC 12-Bit, 10Msps ADC 12-Bit, 25Msps ADC 12-Bit, 40Msps ADC 12-Bit, 65Msps ADC 12-Bit, 80Msps ADC 10-Bit, 170Msps ADC 10-Bit, 135Msps ADC 10-Bit, 105Msps ADC 10-Bit, 80Msps ADC 10-Bit, 135Msps ADC 10-Bit, 80Msps ADC 14-Bit, 10Msps ADC 14-Bit, 25Msps ADC 14-Bit, 40Msps ADC 14-Bit, 65Msps ADC 14-Bit, 80Msps ADC DC-3GHz High Signal Level Downconverting Mixer Ultralow Distortion IF Amplifier/ADC Driver with Digitally Controlled Gain 1.5GHz to 2.5GHz Direct Conversion Quadrature Demodulator 0.8GHz to 1.5GHz Direct Conversion Quadrature Demodulator 40MHz to 900MHz Direct Conversion Quadrature Demodulator 600MHz to 2.7GHz High Linearity Downconverting Mixer COMMENTS 72dB SNR, 87dB SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 76.5dB SNR, 90dB SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 72.5dB SNR, 90dB SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 77dB SNR, 90dB SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 72.2dB SNR, 380mW SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 77.5dB SNR, 390mW SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 72dB SNR, 87dB SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package 76.3dB SNR, 90dB SFDR, 48-Pin TSSOP Package Up to 500MHz IF Undersampling, 87dB SFDR Up to 500MHz IF Undersampling, 90dB SFDR 890mW, 67.7dB SNR, 9mm x 9mm QFN Package 630mW, 67.8dB SNR, 9mm x 9mm QFN Package 475mW, 68.4dB SNR, 7mm x 7mm QFN Package 366mW, 68.5dB SNR, 7mm x 7mm QFN Package 630mW, 67.6dB SNR, 7mm x 7mm QFN Package 60mW, 71.3dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 75mW, 71.4dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 120mW, 71.4dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 205mW, 71.3dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 211mW, 70.6dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 890mW, 61.2dB SNR, 9mm x 9mm QFN Package 630mW, 61.2dB SNR, 9mm x 9mm QFN Package 475mW, 61.3dB SNR, 7mm x 7mm QFN Package 366mW, 61.3dB SNR, 7mm x 7mm QFN Package 630mW, 61.2dB SNR, 7mm x 7mm QFN Package 211mW, 61.6dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 60mW, 74.4dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 75mW, 74.5dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 120mW, 74.4dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 205mW, 74.3dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package 222mW, 73dB SNR, 5mm x 5mm QFN Package DC to 3GHz, 21dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Buffer 450MHz 1dB BW, 47dB OIP3, Digital Gain Control 10.5dB to 33ddB in 1.5dB/Step 20dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator 21.5dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator 21dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator 4.5V to 5.25V Supply, 25dBm IIP3 at 900MHz, NF = 12.5dB, 50 Single-Ended RF and LO Ports
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Linear Technology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507
LT/TP 1004 1K * PRINTED IN USA
www.linear.com
(c) LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2004

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